Search results for " Wages"

showing 10 items of 28 documents

Wages, prices, and technology in early Catalan industrialization

2015

Catalonia was the only Mediterranean region among the early followers of the British industrial revolution. The roots of this process can be traced back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries when the Catalan economy became integrated into international trade, and a successful printed calico industry concentrated in the city of Barcelona. Although the factory system was largely adopted by the cotton industry in the 1840s, the diffusion of the spinning jenny in Catalonia had occurred earlier, in the 1790s. In line with Allen, this article explores whether relative factor prices played a role in the widespread adoption of the spinning jenny in Catalonia. First, series of real wages in Ba…

CalicoEconomics and EconometricsHistory060106 history of social sciencesFactory systemmedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesFactor priceWage06 humanities and the artslanguage.human_languageIndustrialisationEconomy0502 economics and businessEconomic historyEconomicslanguage0601 history and archaeologyCatalan050207 economicsIndustrial RevolutionReal wagesmedia_commonThe Economic History Review
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Wages and prices in early Catalan industrialisation

2014

Catalonia was the only Mediterranean region among the early followers of the British Industrial Revolution in the second third of the nineteenth century. The roots of this industrialisation process can be traced back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries when the Catalan economy became successfully integrated in international trade and the region enjoyed an intensification of its agrarian and proto-industrial activities. These capitalist developments were subsequently reinforced by a successful printed calico manufacturing business concentrated in the city of Barcelona. Although the factory system was largely adopted by the cotton industry in the 1840s, the diffusion of the spinning j…

CalicoFactory systemFactor pricejel:N83Agrarian societyIndustrialisationjel:N63EconomyEconomicsjel:N00jel:N33Great DivergenceReal wagesIndustrial RevolutionEconomic History Great Divergence Industrial Revolution Standards of Living Cotton Industry Technological Transfer.
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Labour market response to globalisation: spain, 1880-1913

2010

Abstract This paper analyses the impact of globalisation (trade and migration) on the Spanish labour market between 1880 and 1913 by examining the influence that globalisation factors had on agricultural and industrial wages. Our results show that the nineteenth century grain invasion had a negative impact on agricultural wages, whereas the fall in wheat prices did not benefit industry workers. We also found that migration pushed up real agricultural and industrial wages. As agriculture was the main sector in the economy, the final impact was a wage decrease. The negative impact of trade on agricultural and industrial labour markets partly explains the trade policy response of “integral pro…

Commercial policyEconomics and EconometricsHistoryLabour economicsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectWageglobalisation trade migration tariffs wages living standardsStandard of livingMarket responseGlobalizationjel:N73AgricultureEconomicsjel:N33businessmedia_common
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Graduate employment and the returns to higher education in Africa

2013

http://cemapre.iseg.utl.pt/educonf/2e3/files/submissions_to_web/Barounia%20Mahdi_Broeckeb%20%20Stijn.docx; In this paper, we estimate the return to higher education for 12 African countries using recent data and a variety of methods. Importantly, one of our methods adjusts for the effect of higher education on the rate of joblessness, which is substantial in most African countries, and particularly for women. Our results confirm that Mincerian coefficients cannot be interpreted as a true rate of return, and that the latter (even after taking into account the employment effect) is considerably lower than what has previously been suggested in the literature (less than half). For Sub-Saharan A…

Diplômé de l'enseignement supérieurJEL : I - Health Education and Welfare/I.I2 - Education and Research Institutions/I.I2.I23 - Higher Education • Research InstitutionsJEL : J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J3 - Wages Compensation and Labor Costs/J.J3.J31 - Wage Level and Structure • Wage Differentials[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationJEL: I - Health Education and Welfare/I.I2 - Education and Research Institutions/I.I2.I21 - Analysis of EducationJEL: I - Health Education and Welfare/I.I2 - Education and Research Institutions/I.I2.I23 - Higher Education • Research InstitutionsRendement de l'enseignementJEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J3 - Wages Compensation and Labor Costs/J.J3.J31 - Wage Level and Structure • Wage Differentialsreturns to education[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financegraduate unemploymenthigher educationChômage des diplômés[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceJEL : I - Health Education and Welfare/I.I2 - Education and Research Institutions/I.I2.I21 - Analysis of Education
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RENT CREATION AND RENT SHARING: NEW MEASURES AND IMPACTS ON TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY

2019

International audience; This analysis proposes new measures of rent creation and rent sharing and assesses their impact on productivity on cross-country-industry panel data. We find first that: (1) anticompetitive product market regulations positively affect rent creation and (2) employment protection legislation boosts hourly wages, particularly for low-skill workers. However, we find no significant impact of this employment legislation on rent sharing, as the hourly wage increases are offset by a negative impact on hours worked. Second, using regulation indicators as instruments, we find that rent creation and rent sharing both have a substantial negative impact on total factor productivi…

Economics and EconometricsLabour economicsProduct marketEmployment protection legislationMARKET REGULATIONSINNOVATIONmedia_common.quotation_subjectJEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E2 - Consumption Saving Production Investment Labor Markets and Informal Economy/E.E2.E22 - Investment • Capital • Intangible Capital • Capacityo47 - "Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence"COMPETITIONo25 - Industrial Policylabor market regulationsPANELCompetition (economics)TFPMeasurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output ConvergenceCapital; Investment; Capacitye24 - "Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital"0502 economics and businessEconomicso30 - "Technological Change; Research and Development; Intellectual Property Rights: General"JEL: O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity/O.O4.O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth • Aggregate Productivity • Cross-Country Output Convergence050207 economicsProductivityTotal factor productivityTechnological Change; Research and Development; Intellectual Property Rights: GeneralJEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E2 - Consumption Saving Production Investment Labor Markets and Informal Economy/E.E2.E24 - Employment • Unemployment • Wages • Intergenerational Income Distribution • Aggregate Human Capital • Aggregate Labor Productivity050205 econometrics media_commonJEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C2 - Single Equation Models • Single Variables/C.C2.C23 - Panel Data Models • Spatio-temporal Modelsmark-up05 social sciencesIndustrial Policy[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceInvestment (macroeconomics)General Business Management and Accountingrent-sharingJEL: O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity/O.O4.O43 - Institutions and Growth8. Economic growthUnemploymento43 - Institutions and GrowthEmployment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capitale22 - "Capital; Investment; Capacity"JEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L5 - Regulation and Industrial Policy/L.L5.L50 - GeneralJEL: O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O3 - Innovation • Research and Development • Technological Change • Intellectual Property Rights/O.O3.O30 - GeneralInstitutions and Growthproduct market regulationsPanel dataEconomic Inquiry
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Fairness Considerations in Labor Union Wage Setting : A Theoretical Analysis

2012

We consider a theoretical model in which unions not only take the outside option into account, but also base their wage-setting decisions on an internal reference, called the fairness reference. Wage and employment outcomes and the shape of the aggregate wage-setting curve depend on the weight and the size of the fairness reference relative to the outside option. If the fairness reference is relatively high compared to the outside option, higher wages and lower employment than in the standard model will prevail. If hit by an adverse technology shock, the economy will then react with a stronger downward adjustment in employment, whereas real wages are more rigid than in the standard model. W…

Economics and EconometricsLabour economicsSociology and Political Sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectWagefairnessjel:J64jel:E24Microeconomicsfinancial performancelabor unionsEfficiency wage0502 economics and businessEconomics050207 economicsReal wagesEmployment outcomes050205 econometrics media_commonlabor unions fairness wage rigidity wage flexibility wage stickiness wage-setting curve wage-setting process unemploymentta511Technology shock05 social sciencesLabor UnionsFairnessWage RigidityWage FlexibilityWage StickinessWage-Setting CurveWage-Setting ProcessUnemploymentjel:J51firmsUnemploymentwage-settingLabor unionScottish Journal of Political Economy
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Real wages-employment relationship in Finnish manufacturing: a VAR approach

1991

Granger's concept of causality and the vector autoregressive(VAR) technique is used to investigate the real wages-employment relationship in Finnish manufacturing. The stationarity of the time series is examined and a number of co-integration tests for the adequacy of a pure VAR specification performed. The results using a bivariate VAR model based on a lag structure determined by Akaike's information criterion suggests that real wages Granger-cause employment. The slight non-constancy of the model suggests, however, that the conclusion concerning the nature of the real wages-emploment relationship should be treated with causion.

Economics and EconometricsSeries (mathematics)Autoregressive modelLagEconometricsEconomicsBivariate analysisAkaike information criterionReal wagesCausalityVector autoregressionApplied Economics
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Wages and productivity growth in the Nordic countries

1995

Abstract The study examines growth in productivity and real wages in four Nordic countries, viz. Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, thus extending Gordon's (1987) analysis concentrating on the U.S., Japan and Europe. The results confirm certain key findings of Gordon's (1987) study. In particular, the cyclically adjusted measures of productivity growth confirm the slowdown in productivity growth in the mid-1970s. Gordon's finding that there are considerable differences across the different sectors of the economy is similarly supported. As far as country-specific development in productivity growth is concerned, the results imply that there are considerable inter-country differences which G…

Economics and Econometricsbusiness.industryFace valueEconomic sectorEconomicsDemographic economicsInternational tradebusinessReal wagesProductivityFinanceLearning effectEuropean Economic Review
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How does fiscal policy react to wealth composition and asset prices?

2012

Prova tipográfica

Economics and Econometricsfiscal policy wealth composition asset pricesNorth-South technology transferSocial SciencesMonetary economicsFiscalpolicy0502 economics and businessEconomics050207 economicsStock (geology)Trade unions050208 financeMinimum wagesfiscal policy wealth composition asset prices.05 social sciencesWelth composition1. No povertySettore SECS-P/02 Politica EconomicaRegression analysisjel:E52jel:E37Asset pricesFiscal policyFiscal balanceWealth elasticity of demandMultinationals8. Economic growthWealth compositionNational wealthFinancial distressFiscal policy
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Les étudiants anticipent-ils correctement la valeur de leur diplôme sur le marché du travail ?

2013

Documents de travail de l'IREDU, n°2013-1; Ce travail analyse la manière dont les étudiants de première année d'université anticipent leurs salaires futurs, puis compare ces salaires à ceux qu'ils peuvent réellement observer sur le marché du travail. Nos résultats montrent globalement une surestimation des salaires anticipés d'environ 9 pour cent en début de carrière, ce qui est cohérent avec des travaux réalisés dans d'autres pays. En revanche, les salaires anticipés après dix ans de carrières sont supérieurs de 28 pour cent aux salaires observés des diplômés à ancienneté comparable. Les résultats soulignent également l'importance de l'environnement familial lors du choix des études supéri…

EffetCompétence cognitive[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationAspiration professionnelle[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationJEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J3 - Wages Compensation and Labor Costs/J.J3.J30 - GeneralÉtudiant[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceSalaireAnticipationEstimationSalaireJeuneÉtudiantEnseignement supérieurMarché du travailEffetAspiration professionnelleAspiration scolaireCompétence cognitiveEnseignement supérieurAnticipationJEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor/J.J2.J24 - Human Capital • Skills • Occupational Choice • Labor ProductivityJEL : J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J2 - Demand and Supply of Labor/J.J2.J24 - Human Capital • Skills • Occupational Choice • Labor ProductivityJEL : J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J3 - Wages Compensation and Labor Costs/J.J3.J30 - General[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesJeuneAspiration scolaire[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceEstimationMarché du travail
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